Agar - India

IUPAC Name

:   -

Cas Number

:   9002-18-0

HS Code

:   1302.31.00

Formula

:  

C12H18O9

Basic Info

Appearance Name

:   Milky or Yellowish fine crystalline powders

Common Names

:   Agar gelose, agar-agar

Packaging

:   25 kg bags, 25 kg drums

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Technical Document

Brief Overview

Agar, commonly known as agar-agar, is a gelatinous substance derived from algae, predominantly found in the cell walls of red algae and obtained through boiling extraction. This complex sulfated polymer is composed of sugar galactose subunits extracted from red algae species like Gelidium cartilagineum and Gracilaria confervoides. Agar consists of two primary polysaccharides, agarose and agaropectin, with agarose making up around 70% of the total composition. Agarose, a linear polymer, comprises agarobiose monomers, a disaccharide consisting of D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactopyranose. Agaropectin, a diverse mixture of smaller molecules, contains alternating units of D-galactose and L-galactose, modified by the addition of acidic side groups such as sulfate and pyruvate. In its natural state, agar is often bundled with thin, membranous, agglutinated strips or exists in cut, flaked, or granulated forms. The color of agar may vary from light yellowish-orange to colorless, displaying a resilient texture when wet and a brittle consistency when dry. Powdered agar may appear white to yellowish-white or pale yellow, showing transparency under a microscope in water. In a chloral hydrate solution, the transparency of powdered agar is even more pronounced than in water.

Manufacturing Process

The extraction of agar from seaweed involves a procedure that includes boiling in hot water, followed by freezing and thawing for purification. Conventional commercial extraction techniques involve various steps such as washing, chemical extraction, filtration, gelation, freezing, bleaching, additional washing, drying, and milling.

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